Utilizing Geothermal Energy in Waw an-Namus, South Libya, for Electricity Generation Using Binary Cycle Technology

الملخص

This study examines the feasibility of geothermal energy extraction in the Waw an-Namus volcano area in Libya and its transformation into electricity using Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) technology. Waw An-Namus is located on the eastern side of Fezzan, Libya. Given the volcanic history of Waw an-Namus and its proximity to the Sirt Basin, which is known for thermal activity, it presents a promising geothermal resource. The performance of geothermal power plants based on a binary cycle system using R245fa as the working fluid was studied using detailed thermodynamic models and simulations within MATLAB for a geothermal temperature range of 100-180°C. When the geothermal fluid temperature is 140°C and the mass flow rate is 50 kg/s, the system produces a net electric power of approximately 5.49 MW with thermal and exergy efficiencies of 34.3% and 135%, respectively. These results were confirmed by the data, and the economic analysis performed also demonstrated that the technology is economically viable compared to traditional power generation, achieving a levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of $0.036/kWh. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the system performance is primarily determined by the geothermal temperature and pressure ratio, with the optimal pressure ratio falling within the 5–6 range. This study serves as a valuable resource for constructing a renewable energy framework in Libya and advancing the utilization of geothermal power generation from low- and medium-temperature resources in volcanic zones. This is particularly significant in Libya, where there is little to no documented geothermal exploration or utilization.