Rajaa Mustafa Moussa Gabril

Abstract

The Foggara system is considered one of the most important irrigation systems in the Fezzan region. The system, in simple terms, consists of a channel dug from a relatively elevated area where groundwater is available. Water is then transported underground over long distances through a long tunnel, which is punctuated by vertical wells every few meters. The water flows gently due to gravity until it reaches the canal, where it irrigates the village and the fertile land.

The objective of this study is to introduce the Foggara, identify its areas of prevalence, and highlight its role in irrigating vast regions spanning thousands of kilometres. This system resulted in an agricultural surplus that accelerated population growth.

Methodology Used in the Study: Historical and analytical methods.

Results

• The Foggara system stands as a testament to human ingenuity and creativity in subjugating nature and adapting to the desert climate.


• The widespread presence of Foggara gives the impression of a large workforce involved in its construction.


• The Foggara ensured the continuity of life and was the most crucial factor in human settlement in the Fezzan desert.


• This technique was an effective tool for bringing economic prosperity to the region through agricultural growth.


• The Foggara system embodied the principle of social cooperation among desert inhabitants in terms of sharing the labour involved.


• Excessive groundwater extraction led to the abandonment of many Foggara, and the lack of maintenance resulted in their decline and disappearance.